Manuscript Number : IJSRST218616

Rotating Disc Apparatus and its application to estimate sediment erosion in Hydro turbines

Authors(5) :-Oblique Shrestha, Hari Prasad Neopane, BholaThapa, Young-Ho Lee, Aman Kapali

The removal of surface material due to repeated impacts of sediment is known as sediment erosion. This prominent phenomenon is found to exist on a run of the river types of hydro projects where the hydro turbines are exposed to sediment particles. It has drawn the attention of researchers, academic institutions, and hydropower developers to conduct research on this issue. Investigation of the problem at the site may require sophisticated equipment and sensors- set up for quantitative measurements. This process is time consuming and difficult as it is difficult to access the erosion location. Laboratory setup can be a solution to study and investigate erosion behaviour in well-controlled laboratory conditions. Among several erosion testing apparatuses, Rotating Disc Apparatus (RDA) has been used for the investigation of erosion as well as cavitation of hydro components, and to study the erosion resistivity of different materials. This device mainly consists of a rotating disc and an electric motor, which is used to rotate a disc-holding specimen. This paper evaluates the RDA for its applicability in simulating the flow on the surfaces of the components of the hydro turbines as that occurs in actual hydro power plants. The outcomes from the present study indicated that RDA produces promising erosion results and can simulate the wear conditions.

Authors and Affiliations

Oblique Shrestha
Turbine Testing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kathmandu University (KU), Dhulikhel, Nepal
Hari Prasad Neopane
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU, Dhulikhel, Nepal
BholaThapa
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU, Dhulikhel, Nepal
Young-Ho Lee
Division of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea
Aman Kapali
Turbine Testing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kathmandu University (KU), Dhulikhel, Nepal

Sediment erosion, RDA, Hydro Turbine, Numerical analysis, Experimental analysis

  1. B. Thapa, “Sand erosion in hydraulic machinery,” Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway, 2004.
  2. Helle A, Andersor P, Ahlroos T, Kupiainen V, “Erosive wear of coatings and methods to moniter coating wear- a literature study,” 2004.
  3. Axen N, Hogmark S, Jacobson S, Friction and wear measurement techniques, CRC Press LLC, 2001.
  4. T. N, “Estimation of repair cycle of turbine due to abrasion caused by suspended sand and determination of desilting basin capacity,” in International seminar on sediment handling technique, Kathmandu, Nepal, 1999.
  5. Zu J.B, Hutchings I.M, Burstein G.T, “Design of a slurry erosion test rig,” Wear, vol. 140, pp. 331-344, 1990.
  6. Lin H.C, Wu S.K, Yeh C.H, “A comparison of slurry erosion characteristics TiNi shape memory alloys and SUS 304 Stainless steel,” Wear, vol. 249, pp. 557-565, 2001.
  7. Burstein G.T, Sasaki K, “Effect of impact angle on the slurry erosion corrosion of 304L stainless steel,” Wear, vol. 240, no. 1-2, pp. 80-94, 2000.
  8. Chauhan A.K, Goel D.B, Prakash S, “Erosion behavior of hydro turbine steels,” Bull. Mater. Sci, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 115-120, 2008.
  9. Thapa B, Brekke H, “Effect of sand particle size and surface curvature in erosion of hydraulic turbine,” in In IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, Stockholm, 2004.
  10. Grewal H.S, Agrawal A, Singh H, “Slurry erosion mechanism of hydroturbine steel: Effect of operating parameters,” Tribology letters, vol. 52, pp. 287-303, 2013.
  11. Khurana S, Varun , Kumar A, “Effect of silt particles on erosion of Turgo impulse turbine blades,” International Journal of Ambient Energy, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 155-62, 2014.
  12. Padhy M.K, Saini R.P, “Study of silt erosion mechanism in Pelton turbine buckets,” Energy, Elsevier, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 286-293, 2012.
  13. Gandhi B.K, Singh S.N, Seshadri V, “A study on the effect of surface orientation on erosion wear of flat specimens moving in a solid-liquid suspension,” Wear, vol. 254, pp. 1233-1238, 2003.
  14. Lathabai S, Pender D.C, “Microstructural influence in slurry erosion of ceramics,” Wear, vol. 189, pp. 122-13, 1995.
  15. Gupta R, Singh S.N, Sehadri V, “Prediction of uneven wear in a slurry pipelines on the basis of measurements in a pot tester,” Wear, vol. 184, pp. 169-178, 1995.
  16. Lin F.Y, Shao H.S, “1991,” Effect of impact velocity on slurry erosion and a new design of a slurry erosion tester, vol. 143, no. 2, pp. 231-240, 1991.
  17. Bukhaiti M.A, Ahmen S.M, Badran F.M.F, Emara K.M, “Effect of impingement angle on slurry erosion behavior and mechanisms of 1017 steel and high-chromium white cast iron,” Wear, vol. 262, pp. 1187-1198, 2007.
  18. T. J.J, “Laboratory slurry erosion tests and pump wear rate calculations,” Journal of Fluids Engineering, vol. 106, no. 2, pp. 135-140, 1984.
  19. Clark HMcl, Tuzson J, Wong K.K, “Measurement of specific energies for erosive wear using a Coriolis erosion tester,” Wear, vol. 241, pp. 1-9, 2000.
  20. Llewellyn R.J, Yick S.K, Dolman K.F, “Scouring erosion resistance of metallic materials used in slurry pump service,” Wear, vol. 256, pp. 592-599, 2004.
  21. Walker C.I, Robbie P, “Comparison of some laboratory wear tests and field wear in slurry pumps,” Wear, vol. 302, pp. 1026-1034, 2013.
  22. O. Shrestha, N. Acharya, B. Thapa, H.P. Neopane, Y.H. Lee, “Design and Development of Rotating Disc Apparatus to Test Sediment Erosion in Cross Flow Turbine Runner Blades,” in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Current Research in Hydraulic Turbines, Turbine Testing Lab, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Nepal, 2016.
  23. J. H. Park, d. h. Lee, S. J. Cha and Y. H. Lee, “Development of a sediment Erosion-Proof Micro Class Cross-Flow Hydro Turbine,” in Precedings of the International Symposium on Current Research in Hydraulic Turbines, Dhulikhel, 2016.
  24. R. Koirala, . H. P. Neopane, O. Shrestha, B. Zhu and B. Thapa, “Selection of guide vane profile for erosion handling in Francis Turbines,” Renewable Energy, vol. 112, pp. 328-336, 2017.
  25. R. Gantawa, N.K. Tamrakar, “Analysis of sediment abrasion potential in hydro turbines by studying fine sediments from the Budhi Gandaki-Trishuli River of Nepal,” Journal of Nepal Geological Society, vol. 58, pp. 29-38, 2019.
  26. M. Kjeldsen, “Diploma Thesis,” Norwegian Institute of Technology, 1991.
  27. M. Knutsen, NTNU, Norway, 1997.
  28. G.M. Wood, L.K. Knudsen, F.G. Hammitt, “Cavitation damage studies with rotating disc in water,” Journal of Basic Engineering, pp. 98-110, 1967.
  29. A. Shima, H. Tomaru, A. Ihara, N. Miura, “Cavitation damage study with a rotating disk at the high peripheral velocities,” Journal of Hydraulic Research, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 521-538, 1992.
  30. B. Mann, “Boronizing of cast martensitic chromium nickel stainless steel and its abrasion and cavitation-erosion behavior,” Wear, vol. 208, pp. 125-131, 1997.
  31. B. Mann, “High-energy particle impact wear resistance of hard coatings and their application in hydroturbines,” Wear, vol. 237, no. 1, pp. 140-146, 2000.
  32. B. R. Karnikar, H. P. Neopane and B. S. Thapa, “Development of rotating disc apparatus for test of sediment-induced erosion in Francis runner blades,” Wear, vol. 306, no. 1-2, p. 119–125, 2013.
  33. B. Thapa, P. Chaudhary, O.G. Dahlhaug, P. Upadhyay, “Study of combined effect of sand erosion and cavitation in hydraulic turbines,” in International Conference on Small Hydropower-Hydro Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka, 2007.
  34. A. KC, B. Thapa and Y. H. Lee, “Transient numerical analysis of rotorestator interaction in a Francis turbine,” Renewable Energy, vol. 65, pp. 277-235, 2014.
  35. N. Acharaya , C. G. Kim, B. Thapa and Y. H. Lee, “Numerical analysis and performance enhancement of a cross-flow hydro turbine,” Renewable Energy, pp. 1-8, 2015.
  36. I. b. Celik, U. Ghia, P. J. Roache, C. J. Freitas, H. Coleman and P. E. Raad, “Procedure for Estimation and Reporting of Uncertainty Due to Discretization in CFD applications,” Journal of Fluids Engineering, vol. 130, no. 7, pp. 0780011-0780014, 2008.

Publication Details

Published in : Volume 8 | Issue 6 | November-December 2021
Date of Publication : 2021-12-30
License:  This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Page(s) : 348-358
Manuscript Number : IJSRST218616
Publisher : Technoscience Academy

Print ISSN : 2395-6011, Online ISSN : 2395-602X

Cite This Article :

Oblique Shrestha, Hari Prasad Neopane, BholaThapa, Young-Ho Lee, Aman Kapali, " Rotating Disc Apparatus and its application to estimate sediment erosion in Hydro turbines", International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology(IJSRST), Print ISSN : 2395-6011, Online ISSN : 2395-602X, Volume 8, Issue 6, pp.348-358, November-December-2021. Available at doi : https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST218616    
Journal URL : https://ijsrst.com/IJSRST218616
Citation Detection and Elimination     |      | | BibTeX | RIS | CSV

Article Preview